08.01.2021#
Hund lahmt? Was kann alles sein?
Hindlimb Lameness in Large-Breed, Skeletally Mature Dogs
Forelimb Lameness in Small-Breed, Skeletally Immature Dogs
General/Multiple
• Trauma—fracture, luxation
• Atlantoaxial luxation
Shoulder Region
• Congenital luxation
Elbow Region
• Congenital luxation
• Subluxation caused by premature physeal closure
Carpal Region
• Subluxation caused by premature physeal closure
Forelimb Lameness in Small-Breed, Skeletally Mature Dogs
General/Multiple
• Trauma—fracture, luxation, muscle and nerve injuries
• Cervical spinal cord lesion—intervertebral disk disease, tumor
• Brachial plexus tumor
• Hypertrophic osteodystrophy
• Synovial chondrometaplasia
Shoulder Region
• Degenerative joint disease
• Recurrent medial luxation, nontraumatic
Elbow Region
• Degenerative joint disease
• Subluxation caused by physeal injury
Carpal Region
• Degenerative joint disease
• Inflammatory joint disease
• Subluxation caused by prior physeal injury
Hindlimb Lameness in Small-Breed, Skeletally Immature Dogs
General/Multiple
• Trauma—fracture, luxation
Hip Region
• Avascular necrosis/Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease
• Hip dysplasia
Stifle Region
• Patellar luxation
Tarsal Region
• Varus deformity caused by premature physeal closure of distal tibia (especially in
dachshunds)
Hindlimb Lameness in Small-Breed, Skeletally Mature Dogs
General/Multiple
• Trauma—fracture; luxation; ligament, muscle, and nerve injuries
• Spinal cord lesion—disk, tumor
• Immune-mediated arthropathies
• Synovial chondrometaplasia
Hip Region
• DJD, primary or secondary
• Luxation
Stifle Region
• DJD, primary or secondary
• Rupture of cruciate ligaments with or without meniscal damage
• Patellar luxation
• Luxation of long digital extensor tendon
Tarsal Region
• Luxation of tendon of superficial digital flexor muscle
• DJD, primary or secondary
• Inflammatory joint disease
Forelimb Lameness in Large-Breed, Skeletally Immature Dogs
General/Multiple
• Trauma—fracture, luxation
• Panosteitis
• Hypertrophic osteodystrophy
• Cervical cord lesion—vertebral instability
Shoulder Region
• Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the humeral head
Elbow Region
• Osteochondritis dissecans of the medial aspect of the humeral condyle (trochlea)
• Ununited anconeal process (UAP)
• Fragmentation of the medial coronoid process (FCP)
• Avulsion and calcification of the flexor tendons of the medial epicondyle or ununited
medial epicondyle
• Subluxation caused by premature physeal closure
• Synovial chondrometaplasia
Carpal Region
• Subluxation/valgus or varus deformity caused by premature physeal closure
• Valgus deformity caused by retained cartilage cores in the ulna
Paw Region
• Fragmentation of the sesamoids
Forelimb Lameness in Large-Breed, Skeletally Mature Dogs
General/Multiple
• Trauma—fracture, luxation, muscle and nerve injuries
• Panosteitis
• Cervical spinal cord lesion—intervertebral disk disease, tumor, vertebral instability
• Brachial plexus tumor
• Bone, cartilage, or synovial tumor
• Hypertrophic osteodystrophy
• Synovial chondrometaplasia
Shoulder Region
• OCD of humeral head
• Degenerative joint disease
• Contracture of infraspinatus muscle
• Tenosynovitis of biceps brachii tendon
• Calcification of the supraspinatus muscle
• Luxation/Instability
Elbow Region
• Degenerative joint disease
• Fragmentation of the medial coronoid process
• Calcification of the flexor tendons or ununited medial epicondyle
• Subluxation caused by prior physeal injury or breed (chondrodystrophic) predisposition
• Subluxation caused by premature physeal closure
• Luxation
Carpal Region
• Ligamentous instability/hyperextension
• Subluxation caused by premature physeal closure
• Degenerative joint disease
• Inflammatory joint disease, with or without instability
Hindlimb Lameness in Large-Breed, Skeletally Immature Dogs
General/Multiple
• Trauma-fracture, luxation
• Panosteitis
• Hypertrophic osteodystrophy
Hip Region
• Hip dysplasia
• Luxation
Stifle Region
• Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of femoral condyle
• Patellar luxation
• Avulsion of origin of long digital extensor muscle
• Partial tear of cranial cruciate ligament
• Full tear of cranial cruciate ligament
• Avulsion of cranial cruciate ligament
• Valgus or varus deformity caused by premature physeal closure
Tarsal Region
• Valgus or varus deformity caused by premature physeal closure
• OCD of talus
Hindlimb Lameness in Large-Breed, Skeletally Mature Dogs
General/Multiple
• Trauma—fracture, luxation, muscle and nerve injuries
• Spinal cord lesion
• Cauda equina lesion
• Bone, cartilage, or synovial tumor
• Hypertrophic osteopathy
• Immune-mediated arthropathies
• Synovial osteochondromatosis
Hip Region
• Degenerative joint disease (DJD), secondary to hip dysplasia
• Luxation
Stifle Region
• DJD, primary or secondary
• Rupture of cruciate and collateral ligaments, meniscal injury
• Patellar luxation
• Long digital extensor luxation
Tarsal Region
• Ligamentous instabilities/hyperextension
• Avulsion, rupture, or partial rupture of common calcaneal tendon
• Luxation of tendon of superficial digital flexor muscle
• DJD, primary or secondary